Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / ii / Paper 1 / 22H / b / Solution

Let $\Vert x_n\Vert \le C$. For each $i$, Bessel inequality givesso the $i$th coordinate sequence is bounded. By the Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem, choose a subsequence on which the first coordinate converges. From it choose a further subsequence on which the second coordinate converges, and continue.

Take the diagonal subsequence $(x_{\varphi (n)})$. For every fixed $i$, its $i$th coordinate converges, and it remains bounded by $C$. The coordinate criterion for weak convergence in a separable Hilbert space supplies an $x_{\infty }\in H$ such thatThis proves the theorem on a weak subsequence of a bounded Hilbert-space sequence.

Solved by gpt-5.6-sol high.