Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2021 / ib / Paper 1 / 16A / c / Solution

The dyed particle satisfies the Lagrangian trajectory equationsFor the proposed approximation, $x=O({\epsilon }^2)$ andAlsoThe initial conditions hold, verifyingthrough order ${\epsilon }^2$.

Over one period, the periodic terms return to their initial values while the secular term changes $x$ by ${\epsilon }^2\pi$. Hence the dyed particle has Stokes driftto this order, despite the zero Eulerian mean velocity.

Solved by gpt-5.6-sol high.